Photography on an expedition is not a passive activity. The 100-400mm telephoto produces the same sustained eccentric wrist and forearm loading I spend part of my clinical practice treating. Weight distribution, wrist position, lens support, and how to document an Alaska expedition without the wrists paying for it.

Early in my career, cortisone was the answer to almost any musculoskeletal question. The evidence that accumulated over two decades complicated that reflex considerably. What changed in my practice — and the distinction between cortisone as treatment versus cortisone as bridge.

One of the best-selling supplements in the United States. The evidence for its effectiveness is considerably less impressive than its marketing. What the GAIT trial actually showed, why so many people feel it helps anyway, and what I tell my own patients.

Mallet finger is one of the most commonly undertreated hand injuries — not because it is complex, but because the window for non-surgical treatment closes quietly while people wait to see if it resolves on its own. It does not resolve on its own.

Seven weeks of building the Safety Officer Ben framework from first principles. With departure four weeks away, that framework becomes a packing list — cold water protection, thermal regulation, footwear, wound management. Built from mechanism, not a retail checklist.

Trigger finger is a specific mechanical problem with a specific solution — and the sooner it is addressed, the simpler that solution tends to be. A corticosteroid injection resolves it completely in the majority of early cases. Do not normalize a finger that catches.

De Quervain's is not bad luck — it is a predictable response to a predictable loading pattern. The mechanics behind Mommy Thumb, Gamer's Thumb, and Fly Fisher's Wrist are identical. Understanding them changes how you think about prevention and when to act.

Hook injuries, deck falls, and the wrist loading of extended fly casting — a hand surgeon who fishes offshore and plans to fly fish in Alaska has a professional relationship with the injuries this sport produces. Most are not dramatic. Most are also entirely preventable.

The three-layer system is a physiological response to how the body manages heat and moisture in cold, wet environments — not a marketing framework. Why age changes the calculation significantly, and what that means for a multi-generational expedition.

Why new parents, gamers, and fly fishermen all develop the same condition — the anatomy behind Mommy Thumb, Gamer's Thumb, and Fly Fisher's Wrist. Why cortisone works here when it doesn't for tennis elbow, and the treatment hierarchy that actually resolves it.

CMC arthritis vs. De Quervain's tenosynovitis — two conditions that hurt in the same neighborhood but require completely different treatment. The Finkelstein test and CMC grind test that tell you which one you're dealing with.

The injuries I see most predictably are not the dramatic ones — they are the falls. And falls start at the ground. Every fall prevention conversation is also a hand and wrist injury prevention conversation. Your hands go out first — which means what is on your feet determines what ends up on my operating table.

Phalen's test — the classic prayer-hands maneuver — has a false negative rate of roughly 25%. Durkan's compression test cuts that number significantly. Here's the technique, what a positive test means, and why this is the test I rely on in the clinic.

"If you can move it, it's not broken" is wrong. Movement tells you whether the tendons are working — not whether the bone is intact. Here's what actually tells the difference, and the mallet finger window you cannot afford to miss.

Tennis elbow has forty different treatments because none of them truly works — except one. Eccentric loading of the wrist extensors has genuine evidence behind it. Here's the protocol, why it works, and why your instincts about rest are wrong.

We call it a FOOSH — Fall on an Outstretched Hand. Pain level immediately after impact is a terrible predictor of fracture. Here's what actually tells you which category you're in — and the anatomical snuffbox test every outdoorsperson should know.

Cold water shock happens in seconds, not minutes. Swimming failure follows within ten minutes regardless of fitness level. The window between entry and incapacitation is short enough that any protection requiring deliberate action after immersion is already too late.

The OR/OR standard and the four-question framework for evaluating risk in any environment. Why predictable injuries are preventable injuries — and why a surgeon sees gear choices as clinical decisions made outside the hospital.

Why cortisone produces excellent short-term relief for tennis elbow and significantly worse one-year outcomes — and the conditions where injection is genuinely the right call. The inject vs. load distinction every patient deserves to understand.

The four-stage progression of ulnar nerve compression at the elbow — and when the window for conservative treatment starts closing. Includes the Finkelstein test and a stage-by-stage breakdown of what symptoms mean at each point.